Carbonaceous briquets.



as PA ENTOFFIO rnnononu DAVIS, or BIRMINGHAM, anasaivta, ASSIGNOE To sTaiInAnn ronncoivr- PANY, or MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA, aconrona'rxon or ALABAMA.

cane-currencies BRIQUET. 1

110 games.

I To whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Trmooonii Davis, a

useful Improvements in Carbonaceous Bri- Wguet s, OfWlllCll the following 18 a specification.

The object of my invention? is to produce a fuel briquet having the properties of an- ,thracite coal, t;rom colic and soft coal which alatter term includes the bituminous and semi-bituminous coals and-the higher grades of lignites, a binder such as that forming the subject matter of a companion application Serial No. 387,632, filed the Sthfiday of August,1907, being mixed with theeoal and coke to bind the same in briquet form when compressed. i I -Both anthracite and bituminous coal have heretofore been briqueted with inoreor less success dependent upon the nature of the binder employed, but in each case the resultant briquets have been inferior to the '25 lurnp "coal and commanded a lesser price.-

{Coke breeze-alsofhas been briqueted With more or less success. I have conceived that if a briquet, substantially equal in quality.

to a high grade coal such as anthracite lump coal, can be produced from such'cheap stool;

as soft coal or slack and coke or coke breeze, that a new composition fuel WlllbO' produced of great value in that it offers a profitable basis, for the utilization of vast quantities of combustible material much of vhich now practically goes to waste; The coke furnishes the high carbon base to the briquet which will cause it to'burn slowly but with intense heat and smokeless comi 40'bust ion. The addition of soft coal slack to the coke, renders the briquetmore readily ignltible and n many cases causes a change in the character of the brlquet as 1t burns by reason of the fact that as the small per centage of coal exposed n the outer surface of the briquet is consumed, it serves to practically coke all of the remaining sott coal in the interior of the briquet I s that, While i burning more freely than a briquctniade entirely from coke, 1% yet possesses"substair tially' the seine characteristics as hard coal. It will be apparent however, that the suc cess of such a composition fuel depends largely upon the provision of a binder which Specification of Letters Patent.

lPatented Aug. 9, 1910.

Application -filed August. 1c, 1907. sashes-$35927.

vill hold thebriquets against disintegration in the fire for the coking process and the free the briquet retaining its shape during combustion, Ip'refer to use the b1ndI'-d1S- closed in myiabove mentioned application "which has thoroughly demonstrated 'its ability to hold the composition coal and jburning quality is largely dependent upon coke briquets against disintegration until completely censumed'. Obviously, however,

other binders may be used with more or less success in briqueti "the coal and coke to produce the novel fuel forming the subject matter of my present invention.

' I haveobtained the best results by a miX ture of coal and coke in the proportions of from thirty to fifty per cent. of coal tothe balance of coke, the percentage of coal varying in accordance with the character of the fuel desired. For instance, where it is desired to produce briquehfor burning in open. grates or under light draft condit1ons,'

it is necessary to increase the percentage of soft coal so that the briquets will. ignite :ead1ly and burn freely. Highly successful briqucts for this particular purpose have been manufactured from coal and colze in equal proportions though the n'oportion of coal may be slightly increased up to the point where the briquet tends to assume more the character of soft coal. here the briquet is to be used under high draft conditions, the percentage of coal may be reduced to about thirty per cent,

successful experiments having been, conducted with briquets having sixty-five per cent. of coke' 'aud thirty-five per cent. of coal. g

The object of my invention being gto pro duce a briquet which Will have tlrecharacteristics of hard or anthracite coal; it

follows that the proportion of soft coal used will not be so great relatively to the coke as to prevent the combination briquct coking readily in the fire. To this end the proportion soft coal should be substantially fifty per cent. or less and at the same time, since a coke briquet would be differentin cost and result from the fuel contemplated in my invention, I find it necessary to use in excess of thirty per cent. of soft coal to secure the coking action and produce a fuel having the burning qualities desired at a low cost. Between the percentages of thirty which the fuel is intended and may also be im and fifty per cent. of soft coal, the quantity added is governed by the-particular use for fluenced by the cost of the materials going into the manufacture of the briquet but the new fuel which 'I have produced'has proven most highly successful within the limits above prescribed.

As my preferred binder for the briquets I provide 'a soapy water solution by dissolvingiabout one-eighth ounce of sad soda? in fiveigallons of water and adding to the latter when heated about one-eighth pint of linseed or other oil which will dry quickly in the briquet for the purpose of water proofing the latter. The sal soda causes the oiland water to thoroughly mix and into the above quantity of soapy water I dissolve about'one pound of an adhesive, prefera'bly dextrin, adding if desirable oneeighth pound of gelatin or ground glue, oneeighth ounce of sal soda, and after the above constituents have become dissolved, adding about one-eighth ounce of formaldehyde. This binder, which forms the subject matter of my said pending application aforesaid,

and which is not separately claimed herein can be used hot or cold and can be successfully mixed with the briqueting material in the proportion of about eight gallons of binder to the ton. The resultant briquets are waterproof and will dry quickly, harden with age and burn without any effect from the binder except to. hold the briquetsagainst disintegration until thoroughly consumed.

Havlng thus described the. preferred man.- ner of producing my novel fuel, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A fuel briqu'et consistin of softcoa'l mixed in the proportion of roni thirty to fifty per cent..of the whole withccke breeze, to which mixture is added a binder. com rising a soapy water solution as a base in w ich an adhesive has been. dissolved.

2. A fuel briquet in which from thirt to fifty per cent. of bituminous coal is a ded to from fifty to seventy per cent. of coke breeze and the resultant mass mixed with a binder formed of the following elementsin substantiallythe following proportions, towit: for each ton of said mixture five quarts of water, one-eighth ounce of sal soda dissolved in said water when warm, one-eighth pint of linseed or similar oil that will dry quickly in the briquet, one pound of dextrin, one-eighth ounce of sal soda, one-eighth pound of gelatin or ound glue and oneeighth of'anounce 0 formaldehyde.

Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit- 

